Can it be matter?
A very well known question among atheists is: ‚Assuming that the existence of temporal things would need an eternal reason, why should it be the god of religion? Why can’t matter be eternal and therefore no need for an eternal creator? ´ I could argue on an Islamic and at the same time reasonable basis that the property of eternity includes other properties that matter does not have and cannot have and in view of this fact it can do not play the role of the original and ultimate reason of temporal things. Muslim theologians say that the eternity of existence, from logic, implies eternal permanence. This is true, because if something is eternal, it is dependent on nothing outside of itself for its existence. If so, it can never go away because only those things go away that have lost some of their external conditions for their existence. If the ultimate reason for temporal things is eternal and everlasting, it must be enough for itself, qayyum and ghanie [in Arabic].
Can there be more than one such creator? The Quran tells us that this is not possible.
„God has not taken a son, and there is no God with Him, otherwise every God would have gone away with what he created and some of them would have exalted themselves above others …“ (Quran 23:91 )
This argument from the Quran has been interpreted by some Muslim theologians as follows.
The assumption that there are deities next to the one true God leads to false consequences and must therefore be wrong. If there was more than one god, then:
(a) If every detail of every thing in the world was the result of one God’s act, then it cannot be the result of another God’s act. If but
(b) If some things in the world were created by some gods and others by other gods, then each god would rule independently of what he created, which means that nothing in his world could not be influenced by anything from outside in principle. And if this were possible, then
(c) some gods would overwhelm the others, but if this happened, those who were defeated could not be true gods. Therefore, there cannot be more than one creator.
How does this creator create? Since He is self-sufficient, it cannot be said that He would depend on anything from outside in any of His deeds, and therefore it cannot be said that He produces His effects naturally. But if He has no natural cause, He must be a volitional agent. And since an intention implies knowledge and knowledge and intention imply life, He must be a living being. Since He is an eternal and constant being, all His properties must reflect this quality, so He must not only be knowing, but all-knowing, not only powerful, but all-powerful. Etc.
Since no matter no matter in what form these properties have to offer and since all these properties are implied by the two properties of eternity and permanence, no form of matter can ever play the role of the ultimate reason. So far as to the properties that its eternal and everlasting creator must be enough to show that it cannot be matter, I suspect.
But this conclusion can be confirmed by what modern science tells us about the nature of matter.
Why should He be the god of Islam?
Some might say: ‚Let’s assume that this God is a personal and living God and that He has the qualities you mentioned, why should it be the God of Islam and not, let’s say, the God of Christians or the Jews? ‚ The God of Islam is the God of all true prophets of God from Adam to Moses, Jesus to Muhammad. But it is a basic claim of religion with which Muhammad came that all previous religions (including Christianity and Judaism), which their prophets represented, have not been preserved in their original form, but have been distorted and distorted. The only religion whose book has been saved from any such changes is the religion of the last prophet of God, Muhammad, God’s blessings and peace be upon him. That does not mean, that everything about these religions is wrong or bad. No! A lot of them are good and true; only the elements on them that contradict Islam must be wrong or bad. But even if they were cleaned of everything that contradicts Islam, they would still be less perfect than Islam, especially in their views of God, so they are unsuitable as universal religions.
Having said this, let me give you an example of non-Islamic religious beliefs that the Quran considers blasphemy: that God has children. At the time of the Prophet, some Arabs believed that the angels were the daughters of God, while some Christians believed that Jesus was the son of God and some Jews believed that Ezra was the son of God. Just as the Quran provides arguments for the impossibility that there could be more gods besides God, it also provides arguments that show the impossibility of having children, male or female. If the Creator is one and self sufficient, then He is unique, ahad.
„… there is nothing like it …“ (Quran 42:11)
But if it is, then:
„He never was and never is fathered.“ (Quran 112: 3)
„… how does He have a son and He has no companion and He has created everything and He knows everything?“ (Quran 6: 101)
The Quran says here that the claim that God has children contradicts the facts (who recognize those who make this claim), that He is the creator of everything, that He is self-sufficient and that He has no wife. Now, if He is the creator of everything, it necessarily includes the one who is said to be His child. But if it was created by Him, it cannot be His child; it must be one of His creations. You don’t create your own child; one creates it. If it is insisted that this child was actually conceived and not created by God, this would have the following dire consequences:.
The fathered child must be of the same kind as his father, in which case God would not be unique and not one.
God would not be the creator of everything.
God should have a wife who, of course, should be of the same kind as he, otherwise they could not produce anything.
But as for the number of beings that should be of the same kind as God, it would be increased to three.
If this child were conceived, it could not be eternal, etc. So it could not be of the same kind as the father.
It must therefore be temporal; but in this case it must have a creator. But if the God who is his father cannot be his creator at the same time, then there must still be his creator, someone other than God the father; but in this case this other creator can be the real creator, because by his power the first one was able to father his son. This would increase the number of gods to four.
No wonder the Quran says about those who claim that God has a child:
“You have already brought about a monstrous thing, the skies are almost falling apart, and the earth is splitting, and the rocky mountains are falling into ruins they claim a son for the merciful. ” (Quran 19: 89-91)
Source: https://www.islamland.com/deu/articles/wer-ist-der-schpfer